- Class Amphibia
- Tetrapods
- Deuterostomes
- Limbs are attached to side
- Chordates have coelomates and 3 germ layers
Growth Cycle- Larvae become tadpoles. Tadpoles undergo metamorphis and become adult frogs.
Diet
- Insects
External
- Digits- 4 on the fore limbs, 5 on the hind limbs (these ones are webbed for swimming).
- Eyes- Very large for spotting insects. They can sometimes be higher than the top of the head so that the body of the frog can stay emerged in water and the eyes can stay out of the water.
- Eyelids- One is transparent and comes up from the bottom of the eye (nictitating membrane). Its purpose is to keep the eyes clean when swimming but is transparent so that the frog can see.
The bullfrog has 2 eyelids compared to the fish in our earlier dissection which had none. - Eardrum- The tympanic membrane can pick up vibrations in the water or air. This can be useful for listening for prey or predators and mating.
- Vomenne teeth- Hold the prey until the frog swallows
- Glottis- opening to the lungs. The frog needs it to vocalize and breathe
- Vocal Sacs- Only in males.
- Eustachian tubes- equalize pressure in the inner ear when the frog is swimming
- Two Hings limbs- These are very muscular. They have 5 digits on each limb which are webbed to assist in swimming.
- Two Fore limbs- These have 4 digits on each limb. In male frogs there is a thumb pad that helps the male grasp the female when mating.
- Tongue- attached to the front of the mouth for easier insect catching.
- Fat Bodies- the frog needs them for mating and hibernation
Digestive System
- Liver (3 large lobes)- make bile that emulsifies fat
- Gall bladder- Stores extra bile
- Esophagus- leads to the stomach
- Stomach- stores food and mixes it with enzymes to begin digestion
- Small Intestine- the main place where digestion and absorbtion of digested food occurs
- Large Intestine- stores undigested food
- Rectum- end of the large intestine
- Cloaca- where the products of the digestive and excretory system meet and then leave through the anus.
- Pancreas- secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum (part of the small intestine)
Excretory System
- Kidney- filters blood, excretes wastes by making urine
- Adrenal Glands
- Bladder- stores urine until it is released
Reproductive System
- Testes (male)- where sperm is produced
- Seminal Vesicles (male)- collect sperm before entering the cloaca
- Ovaries (female)- produce eggs
- Oviducts (female)- carry eggs from the ovaries to the cloaca
Respiratory System
- Lungs- the place where gas exchange takes place (oxygen to carbon dioxide)
Circulatory System
- Heart- pumps blood to the body using veins and arteries
- Spleen- makes, stores and destroys blood cells
Nervous System
- Brain- main organ of the nervous system
No comments:
Post a Comment